Projects
Projects Institute of Biology KarRC RAS
Projects in 2023-2026 (total 19)
Ecological and biochemical trend in the development of populations of hydrobionts and aquaculture objects in modern conditions, climate change is normal and while maintaining environmental factors in order to ensure the use of aquatic biological resources
(2021-2025 , Murzina, Svetlana A., Минобрнауки России)Adenosine kinase (ADK) is an important enzyme for maintaining cellular metabolism as it regulates intracellular and extracellular levels of adenosine by phosphorylation to 5'-adenosine monophosphate. ADK has 2 isoforms: nuclear localized, long (ADK-L) and cytoplasmic, short (ADK-S). It is currently assumed that these isoforms may play different roles: if ADK-S is mainly responsible for the routine removal of adenosine, then ADK-L may regulate methylation reactions, including DNA. Extracellular adenosine has an immunosuppressive effect and is a target for cancer treatment. In this regard, the study of adenosine-converting enzymes may be of therapeutic importance.
In the project, at the first stage, the expression of ADK and transcripts of its ADK-L and ADK-S isoforms in the peripheral blood and intestinal tissue of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) was analyzed. These results indicate a possible involvement of ADK in the pathogenesis of the disease. It was shown that the level of ADK mRNA expression did not change equally in the periphery, where it was lower than the control, and in the tumor, where it was higher than the control.No significant correlation was found between the mRNA level of ADK isoforms and changes in the subpopulation composition of lymphocytes.
At the second stage of the project, the relationship between the level of mRNA of the ADK-L isoform and the degree of methylation of the genes associated with the development of CRC, SEPT9, APC, and FOXP3-TSDR in samples of tumor and normal intestinal tissue from patients with CRC was assessed. The MS-HRM method showed changes in the methylation level of the analyzed genes in tumor tissue samples. However, there was no significant correlation between the ADK-L mRNA level and the degree of methylation of the SEPT9, APC, and FOXP3-TSDR genes in CRC patients.
The second part of the project also analyzed the functioning of CD8+ lymphocytes and Treg cells under experimental conditions close to the tumor microenvironment in the presence of recombinant ADK. These results indicate that rADK can enhance the expression of CD73 ectonucleotidase on CD8+ and CD4+ T cells of CRC patients. And also promote the accumulation of CTLA-4+Treg cells when co-culturing T cells and colorectal cancer cells (Caco-2 and SW837), probably through ADK-S.
In the project, at the first stage, the expression of ADK and transcripts of its ADK-L and ADK-S isoforms in the peripheral blood and intestinal tissue of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) was analyzed. These results indicate a possible involvement of ADK in the pathogenesis of the disease. It was shown that the level of ADK mRNA expression did not change equally in the periphery, where it was lower than the control, and in the tumor, where it was higher than the control.No significant correlation was found between the mRNA level of ADK isoforms and changes in the subpopulation composition of lymphocytes.
At the second stage of the project, the relationship between the level of mRNA of the ADK-L isoform and the degree of methylation of the genes associated with the development of CRC, SEPT9, APC, and FOXP3-TSDR in samples of tumor and normal intestinal tissue from patients with CRC was assessed. The MS-HRM method showed changes in the methylation level of the analyzed genes in tumor tissue samples. However, there was no significant correlation between the ADK-L mRNA level and the degree of methylation of the SEPT9, APC, and FOXP3-TSDR genes in CRC patients.
The second part of the project also analyzed the functioning of CD8+ lymphocytes and Treg cells under experimental conditions close to the tumor microenvironment in the presence of recombinant ADK. These results indicate that rADK can enhance the expression of CD73 ectonucleotidase on CD8+ and CD4+ T cells of CRC patients. And also promote the accumulation of CTLA-4+Treg cells when co-culturing T cells and colorectal cancer cells (Caco-2 and SW837), probably through ADK-S.
Mire ecosystems under natural and transformed conditions of the European North: diversity, dynamics, bryoflora and conservation value
(2022-2026 , Kytenkov, Stanislav A., Минобрнауки России, FMEN-2022-0008)Prospects of using pulp and paper mill sludge to increase soil fertility and for crop production
(2022-2024 , Bakhmet, Olga N., , 22-16-00145)
The intensification of agricultural production is based on the application of new economically profitable methods and techniques that provide, among others, an increase in soil fertility. Currently, agricultural practices are being actively studied, allowing, on the one hand, to maintain a high level of soil fertility, and on the other, to reduce the cost of agricultural products. A wide range of substances is being considered and studied as a partial replacement for the application of high doses of fertilizers to the soil, but the question of the possibility of using sludge from the pulp and paper industry for these purposes remains open. The aim of this project is to assess the impact of the application of pulp and paper mill (PPM) sludge (lignosulfonate, mill activated sludge, primary sludge, coniferous bark) into soils of various types (mineral and peat) in various combinations and doses on the agrochemical and physical properties of the soil and, most importantly, on the yield of a wide range of cultivated plants in open and closed ground. It is expected that PPMsludge contributes to an increase in soil productivity and fertility through an increase in the content of organic matter, mineral nutrients, cation exchange capacity, changes in the structure, density, water-holding capacity, and other soil properties. Sludge-related improvement in soil properties is expected to have a positive impact on agricultural yields. Since yield largely depends on the physiological activity of photosynthesis, respiration, and water exchange of plants, the effect of waste on their ability to activate these processes and act as hormonal biostimulant of growth is important to study in this project. However, these hypothetical statements require confirmation, which are found or refuted during this study. Thus, for the first time, the role of PPM sludge in optimizing the physiological processes of plant growth and development is revealed indirectly through the effect on soil properties, or directly through hormonal and other biostimulation.
Agrobiological efficiency of introduction of medicinal plants of the North into agricultural production
(2023-2024 , Urkevich, Maria G., , 23-26-10057)
The project is aimed at solving the fundamental scientific problem of providing pharmaceutical raw materials to the pharmaceutical base of the North of Russia in general and the Republic of Karelia in particular.
The implementation of the concept of ecological and pharmaceutical safety of the country involves improving the existing system of agricultural technologies for growing medicinal plants by expanding the assortment of medicinal species grown in culture and developing technologies for their cultivation in the northern regions.
Currently, a small assortment of medicinal species is cultivated on small areas in the Altai and Stavropol Territories, the Crimea and some farms of the central chernozem region of the Russian Federation. However, the significant resource potential of economically significant northern native and introduced species is practically not involved.
At the same time, it is the use of certain types of medicinal plants adapted to the conditions of the North that is especially relevant in areas of risky agriculture, where low natural soil fertility is one of the limiting factors in the development of agricultural production.
To ensure highly effective management of the production potential of medicinal species, it is necessary to evaluate a number of physiological and chemical responses of plants to various soil indicators, the composition of poly and monocomponent crops, harvesting time. During the research, the features of growth, development, productivity of plant raw materials will be revealed. This project will assess the economic effectiveness of growing medicinal plant raw materials in depressed northern regions.
The project is interdisciplinary and interregional in nature. For the first time, a comprehensive assessment of the impact of various agricultural practices and soil conditions on the possibility of stimulating the physiological reserves and chemical composition of plants, and as a result, an increase in the overall productivity of medicinal plants and an increase in the profitability of production will be given. The new data obtained during the implementation of the project will be of both fundamental and applied nature.
The implementation of the concept of ecological and pharmaceutical safety of the country involves improving the existing system of agricultural technologies for growing medicinal plants by expanding the assortment of medicinal species grown in culture and developing technologies for their cultivation in the northern regions.
Currently, a small assortment of medicinal species is cultivated on small areas in the Altai and Stavropol Territories, the Crimea and some farms of the central chernozem region of the Russian Federation. However, the significant resource potential of economically significant northern native and introduced species is practically not involved.
At the same time, it is the use of certain types of medicinal plants adapted to the conditions of the North that is especially relevant in areas of risky agriculture, where low natural soil fertility is one of the limiting factors in the development of agricultural production.
To ensure highly effective management of the production potential of medicinal species, it is necessary to evaluate a number of physiological and chemical responses of plants to various soil indicators, the composition of poly and monocomponent crops, harvesting time. During the research, the features of growth, development, productivity of plant raw materials will be revealed. This project will assess the economic effectiveness of growing medicinal plant raw materials in depressed northern regions.
The project is interdisciplinary and interregional in nature. For the first time, a comprehensive assessment of the impact of various agricultural practices and soil conditions on the possibility of stimulating the physiological reserves and chemical composition of plants, and as a result, an increase in the overall productivity of medicinal plants and an increase in the profitability of production will be given. The new data obtained during the implementation of the project will be of both fundamental and applied nature.